Important note: On September 7, 2026, the KITTI and KITTI-360 servers had to be restored to the backed-up state of August 7, 2026. Results within this period have to be resubmitted.

Method

Learning Optical Flow with Task-Oriented Feature Adaptation [TO-Flow]


Submitted on 10 Nov. 2026 04:52 by
dz wang (tongji)

Running time:0.29 s
Environment:GPU @ 2.5 Ghz (Python)

Method Description:
TO-Flow improves optical flow estimation through
task-oriented adaptation of matching and context
features. Channel modulation uses feedback from
simulated flow refinement to improve matching
discriminability, while affinity-guided spatial
reorganization strengthens consistency within
motion-coherent regions and distinctions across
motion boundaries.
Parameters:
5 simulated refinement iterations and 5 main
refinement iterations; native KITTI image
resolution; batch size 1; FP32 inference on a
single NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4090.
Latex Bibtex:

Detailed Results

This page provides detailed results for the method(s) selected. For the first 20 test images, the percentage of erroneous pixels is depicted in the table. We use the error metric described in Object Scene Flow for Autonomous Vehicles (CVPR 2015), which considers a pixel to be correctly estimated if the disparity or flow end-point error is <3px or <5% (for scene flow this criterion needs to be fulfilled for both disparity maps and the flow map). Underneath, the left input image, the estimated results and the error maps are shown (for disp_0/disp_1/flow/scene_flow, respectively). The error map uses the log-color scale described in Object Scene Flow for Autonomous Vehicles (CVPR 2015), depicting correct estimates (<3px or <5% error) in blue and wrong estimates in red color tones. Dark regions in the error images denote the occluded pixels which fall outside the image boundaries. The false color maps of the results are scaled to the largest ground truth disparity values / flow magnitudes.

Test Set Average

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 3.03 4.21 3.22
All / Est 3.03 4.21 3.22
Noc / All 1.90 2.57 2.02
Noc / Est 1.90 2.57 2.02
This table as LaTeX

Test Image 0

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 1.80 5.95 2.37
All / Est 1.80 5.95 2.37
Noc / All 1.91 5.95 2.52
Noc / Est 1.91 5.95 2.52
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 1

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 1.52 7.07 2.14
All / Est 1.52 7.07 2.14
Noc / All 1.44 7.07 2.13
Noc / Est 1.44 7.07 2.13
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 2

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 2.72 6.43 2.91
All / Est 2.72 6.43 2.91
Noc / All 2.20 6.43 2.45
Noc / Est 2.20 6.43 2.45
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 3

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 5.70 2.48 5.40
All / Est 5.70 2.48 5.40
Noc / All 4.35 1.45 4.10
Noc / Est 4.35 1.45 4.10
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 4

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 2.61 13.85 4.47
All / Est 2.61 13.85 4.47
Noc / All 1.37 12.58 3.46
Noc / Est 1.37 12.58 3.46
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 5

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 2.06 0.12 1.88
All / Est 2.06 0.12 1.88
Noc / All 2.18 0.12 1.97
Noc / Est 2.18 0.12 1.97
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 6

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 3.06 0.72 2.81
All / Est 3.06 0.72 2.81
Noc / All 1.46 0.72 1.37
Noc / Est 1.46 0.72 1.37
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 7

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 0.98 2.30 1.24
All / Est 0.98 2.30 1.24
Noc / All 0.98 2.44 1.25
Noc / Est 0.98 2.44 1.25
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 8

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 0.32 1.59 0.55
All / Est 0.32 1.59 0.55
Noc / All 0.32 1.59 0.55
Noc / Est 0.32 1.59 0.55
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 9

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 0.41 1.77 0.76
All / Est 0.41 1.77 0.76
Noc / All 0.41 1.77 0.76
Noc / Est 0.41 1.77 0.76
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 10

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 1.02 2.74 1.42
All / Est 1.02 2.74 1.42
Noc / All 1.02 2.74 1.46
Noc / Est 1.02 2.74 1.46
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 11

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 1.34 0.79 1.24
All / Est 1.34 0.79 1.24
Noc / All 1.35 0.75 1.23
Noc / Est 1.35 0.75 1.23
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 12

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 1.37 0.89 1.33
All / Est 1.37 0.89 1.33
Noc / All 0.89 0.89 0.89
Noc / Est 0.89 0.89 0.89
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 13

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 2.82 0.82 2.58
All / Est 2.82 0.82 2.58
Noc / All 1.01 0.50 0.95
Noc / Est 1.01 0.50 0.95
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 14

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 2.30 0.73 2.28
All / Est 2.30 0.73 2.28
Noc / All 1.69 0.73 1.67
Noc / Est 1.69 0.73 1.67
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 15

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 7.79 1.60 7.23
All / Est 7.79 1.60 7.23
Noc / All 5.22 1.60 4.80
Noc / Est 5.22 1.60 4.80
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 16

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 12.31 1.98 10.79
All / Est 12.31 1.98 10.79
Noc / All 6.78 1.98 5.92
Noc / Est 6.78 1.98 5.92
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 17

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 3.44 0.99 3.19
All / Est 3.44 0.99 3.19
Noc / All 2.89 0.99 2.64
Noc / Est 2.89 0.99 2.64
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 18

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 13.40 93.21 51.32
All / Est 13.40 93.21 51.32
Noc / All 8.65 78.36 27.88
Noc / Est 8.65 78.36 27.88
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error


Test Image 19

Error Fl-bg Fl-fg Fl-all
All / All 2.84 1.19 2.66
All / Est 2.84 1.19 2.66
Noc / All 2.27 1.19 2.11
Noc / Est 2.27 1.19 2.11
This table as LaTeX

Input Image

Flow Result

Flow Error




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