Object Tracking Evaluation (2D bounding-boxes)


The object tracking benchmark consists of 21 training sequences and 29 test sequences. Despite the fact that we have labeled 8 different classes, only the classes 'Car' and 'Pedestrian' are evaluated in our benchmark, as only for those classes enough instances for a comprehensive evaluation have been labeled. The labeling process has been performed in two steps: First we hired a set of annotators, to label 3D bounding boxes as tracklets in point clouds. Since for a pedestrian tracklet, a single 3D bounding box tracklet (dimensions have been fixed) often fits badly, we additionally labeled the left/right boundaries of each object by making use of Mechanical Turk. We also collected labels of the object's occlusion state, and computed the object's truncation via backprojecting a car/pedestrian model into the image plane. We evaluate submitted results using the metrics HOTA, CLEAR MOT and MT/PT/ML. We rank methods by HOTA. Our development kit and github evaluation code provides details about the data format as well as utility functions for reading and writing the label files.

Evaluation is performed using the code from the TrackEval repository.

We recommend that everyone who uses this benchmark reads this blog post for an overview of the HOTA metrics.


The goal in the object tracking task is to estimate object tracklets for the classes 'Car' and 'Pedestrian'. We evaluate 2D 0-based bounding boxes in each image. We like to encourage people to add a confidence measure for every particular frame for this track. For evaluation we only consider detections/objects larger than 25 pixel (height) in the image and do not count Vans as false positives for cars or Sitting Persons as false positives for Pedestrians due to their similarity in appearance. As evaluation criterion we follow the HOTA metrics [1], while also evaluating the CLEARMOT [2] and Mostly-Tracked/Partly-Tracked/Mostly-Lost [3] metrics. Methods are ranked overall by HOTA, and bold numbers indicate the best method for each particular metric. To make the methods comparable, the time for object detection is not included in the specified runtime.

[1] J. Luiten, A. Os̆ep, P. Dendorfer, P. Torr, A. Geiger, L. Leal-Taixé, B. Leibe: HOTA: A Higher Order Metric for Evaluating Multi-object Tracking. IJCV 2020.
[2] K. Bernardin, R. Stiefelhagen: Evaluating Multiple Object Tracking Performance: The CLEAR MOT Metrics. JIVP 2008.
[3] Y. Li, C. Huang, R. Nevatia: Learning to associate: HybridBoosted multi-target tracker for crowded scene. CVPR 2009.

Note: On 25.02.2021 we have updated the evaluation to use the HOTA metrics as the main evaluation metrics, and to show results as plots to enable better comparison over various aspects of tracking. Furthermore, the definition of previously used evaluation metrics such as MOTA have been updated to match modern definitions (such as used in MOTChallenge) in order to unify metrics across benchmarks. Now ID-switches are counted for cases where the ID changes after a gap in either gt or predicted tracks, and when assigning IDs the algorithm has a preferences for extending current tracks (minimizing the number of ID-switches) if possible. We have re-calculated the results for all methods. Please download the new evaluation code. Please report these new numbers for all future submissions. The previous leaderboards before the changes will remain live for now and can be found here, but after some time they will stop being updated.

Please address any questions or feedback about KITTI tracking or KITTI mots evaluation to Jonathon Luiten at luiten@vision.rwth-aachen.de.

Important Policy Update: As more and more non-published work and re-implementations of existing work is submitted to KITTI, we have established a new policy: from now on, only submissions with significant novelty that are leading to a peer-reviewed paper in a conference or journal are allowed. Minor modifications of existing algorithms or student research projects are not allowed. Such work must be evaluated on a split of the training set. To ensure that our policy is adopted, new users must detail their status, describe their work and specify the targeted venue during registration. Furthermore, we will regularly delete all entries that are 6 months old but are still anonymous or do not have a paper associated with them. For conferences, 6 month is enough to determine if a paper has been accepted and to add the bibliography information. For longer review cycles, you need to resubmit your results.
Additional information used by the methods
  • Stereo: Method uses left and right (stereo) images
  • Laser Points: Method uses point clouds from Velodyne laser scanner
  • GPS: Method uses GPS information
  • Online: Online method (frame-by-frame processing, no latency)
  • Additional training data: Use of additional data sources for training (see details)

CAR



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Method Setting Code HOTA DetA AssA DetRe DetPr AssRe AssPr LocA MOTA
1 LG-FusionTrack 82.79 % 79.49 % 86.84 % 82.86 % 88.14 % 89.47 % 92.03 % 88.49 % 91.38 %
2 MCTrack code 82.75 % 79.40 % 86.85 % 82.92 % 87.45 % 89.84 % 91.32 % 88.07 % 91.79 %
X. Wang, S. Qi, J. Zhao, H. Zhou, S. Zhang, G. Wang, K. Tu, S. Guo, J. Zhao, J. Li and M. Yang: MCTrack: A Unified 3D Multi-Object Tracking Framework for Autonomous Driving. 2024.
3 NTU-Tracker 82.75 % 79.45 % 86.79 % 83.23 % 87.16 % 89.88 % 91.19 % 88.04 % 91.87 %
4 HybridTrack code 82.72 % 79.28 % 86.92 % 82.84 % 87.39 % 89.97 % 91.24 % 88.04 % 91.75 %
L. Di Bella, Y. Lyu, B. Cornelis and A. Munteanu: HybridTrack: A Hybrid Approach for Robust Multi-Object Tracking. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 2025.
5 BiTrack code 82.70 % 80.04 % 86.17 % 84.53 % 87.19 % 89.11 % 92.16 % 88.68 % 91.55 %
K. Huang, Y. Chen, M. Zhang and Q. Hao: BiTrack: Bidirectional Offline 3D Multi-Object Tracking Using Camera-LiDAR Data. 2025.
6 CrossTracker 82.34 % 80.14 % 85.24 % 84.48 % 87.01 % 88.14 % 91.28 % 88.32 % 92.13 %
7 PB-MOT
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 81.94 % 79.09 % 85.55 % 84.43 % 85.39 % 88.09 % 91.69 % 87.95 % 91.32 %
8 VirConvTrack code 81.87 % 78.14 % 86.39 % 82.00 % 86.92 % 89.08 % 91.58 % 88.04 % 90.24 %
H. Wu, C. Wen, S. Shi and C. Wang: Virtual Sparse Convolution for Multimodal 3D Object Detection. CVPR 2023.
9 RobMOT_Dynamic
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 81.80 % 78.78 % 85.54 % 84.18 % 85.17 % 89.18 % 90.24 % 87.82 % 91.12 %
10 RobMOT_Dynamic
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 81.80 % 78.78 % 85.53 % 84.15 % 85.20 % 89.16 % 90.26 % 87.83 % 91.11 %
M. Nagy, N. Werghi, B. Hassan, J. Dias and M. Khonji: Towards Accurate State Estimation: Kalman Filter Incorporating Motion Dynamics for 3D Multi-Object Tracking. 2025.
11 RobMOT
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 81.76 % 78.67 % 85.58 % 84.18 % 85.04 % 89.25 % 90.22 % 87.82 % 91.02 %
M. Nagy, N. Werghi, B. Hassan, J. Dias and M. Khonji: RobMOT: 3D Multi-Object Tracking Enhancement Through Observational Noise and State Estimation Drift Mitigation in LiDAR Point Clouds. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2025.
12 EnLife-MOT 81.69 % 79.12 % 84.94 % 82.60 % 87.50 % 88.03 % 91.13 % 88.11 % 91.34 %
13 VirConvTrack 81.56 % 78.63 % 85.19 % 82.39 % 87.13 % 88.70 % 90.49 % 88.05 % 90.54 %
H. Wu, C. Wen, S. Shi, X. Li and C. Wang: Virtual Sparse Convolution for Multimodal 3D Object Detection. 2023 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) 2023.
14 STA-MOT
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 81.28 % 78.44 % 84.82 % 81.60 % 87.85 % 87.51 % 91.70 % 88.14 % 89.83 %
15 RobMOT_CasA 81.22 % 78.34 % 84.80 % 81.95 % 87.21 % 87.40 % 91.44 % 88.08 % 90.34 %
M. Nagy, N. Werghi, B. Hassan, J. Dias and M. Khonji: RobMOT: 3D Multi-Object Tracking Enhancement Through Observational Noise and State Estimation Drift Mitigation in LiDAR Point Clouds. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2025.
16 RobMOT_CasA
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 81.22 % 77.48 % 85.77 % 83.60 % 84.03 % 89.68 % 89.82 % 87.41 % 90.48 %
M. Nagy, N. Werghi, B. Hassan, J. Dias and M. Khonji: RobMOT: 3D Multi-Object Tracking Enhancement Through Observational Noise and State Estimation Drift Mitigation in LiDAR Point Clouds. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2025.
17 FullMOT 81.10 % 78.20 % 84.75 % 83.21 % 85.69 % 87.47 % 91.51 % 88.09 % 90.01 %
18 MCTrack_online code 81.07 % 78.08 % 84.82 % 83.63 % 85.09 % 87.61 % 91.43 % 88.06 % 89.81 %
X. Wang, S. Qi, J. Zhao, H. Zhou, S. Zhang, G. Wang, K. Tu, S. Guo, J. Zhao, J. Li and others: MCTrack: A Unified 3D Multi-Object Tracking Framework for Autonomous Driving. arXiv preprint arXiv:2409.16149 2024.
19 KFDL 81.06 % 78.08 % 84.78 % 82.13 % 86.64 % 88.33 % 90.47 % 87.89 % 90.29 %
20 CasTrack
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
 code 81.00 % 78.58 % 84.22 % 84.10 % 84.86 % 87.55 % 90.47 % 87.49 % 91.91 %
H. Wu, J. Deng, C. Wen, X. Li and C. Wang: CasA: A Cascade Attention Network for 3D Object Detection from LiDAR point clouds. IEEE TGRS 2022.
H. Wu, W. Han, C. Wen, X. Li and C. Wang: 3D Multi-Object Tracking in Point Clouds Based on Prediction Confidence-Guided Data Association. IEEE TITS 2021.
21 PC-TCNN
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
 80.90 % 78.46 % 84.13 % 84.22 % 84.58 % 87.46 % 90.47 % 87.48 % 91.70 %
H. Wu, Q. Li, C. Wen, X. Li, X. Fan and C. Wang: Tracklet Proposal Network for Multi-Object Tracking on Point Clouds. IJCAI 2021.
22 LEGO
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 80.75 % 78.91 % 83.27 % 84.64 % 84.94 % 86.87 % 90.19 % 87.92 % 90.61 %
Z. Zhang, J. Liu, Y. Xia, T. Huang, Q. Han and H. Liu: LEGO: Learning and Graph-Optimized Modular Tracker for Online Multi-Object Tracking with Point Clouds. arXiv preprint arXiv:2308.09908 2023.
23 Rethink MOT 80.39 % 77.88 % 83.64 % 84.23 % 83.57 % 87.63 % 88.90 % 87.07 % 91.53 %
L. Wang, J. Zhang, P. Cai and X. Li: Towards Robust Reference System for Autonomous Driving: Rethinking 3D MOT. Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 2023.
24 CollabMOT
This method uses stereo information.
 80.02 % 78.85 % 81.86 % 82.60 % 86.32 % 85.34 % 88.41 % 87.14 % 91.70 %
P. Ninh and H. Kim: CollabMOT Stereo Camera Collaborative Multi Object Tracking. IEEE Access 2024.
25 CasTrack 79.96 % 77.95 % 82.71 % 83.47 % 84.80 % 86.42 % 89.98 % 87.56 % 90.52 %
H. Wu, W. Han, C. Wen, X. Li and C. Wang: 3D Multi-Object Tracking in Point Clouds Based on Prediction Confidence-Guided Data Association. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2022.
26 SMOT 79.59 % 77.27 % 82.53 % 80.55 % 86.58 % 85.23 % 89.79 % 87.09 % 90.55 %
27 TINN 79.53 % 77.68 % 82.13 % 81.43 % 85.89 % 85.05 % 89.81 % 86.95 % 90.65 %
28 RAM
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 79.53 % 78.79 % 80.94 % 82.54 % 86.33 % 84.21 % 88.77 % 87.15 % 91.61 %
P. Tokmakov, A. Jabri, J. Li and A. Gaidon: Object Permanence Emerges in a Random Walk along Memory. ICML 2022.
29 YONTD-MOTv2 code 79.52 % 75.83 % 84.01 % 82.31 % 83.69 % 87.16 % 90.70 % 87.65 % 88.06 %
X. Wang, C. Fu, J. He, M. Huang, T. Meng, S. Zhang, H. Zhou, Z. Xu and C. Zhang: A Multi-Modal Fusion-Based 3D Multi- Object Tracking Framework with Joint Detection. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 2024.
30 JHIT 79.21 % 76.76 % 82.29 % 81.63 % 84.62 % 85.94 % 88.19 % 86.91 % 89.80 %
P. Claasen and J. Villiers: Interacting Multiple Model-based Joint Homography Matrix and Multiple Object State Estimation. 2024.
31 LG3MOT 78.72 % 74.59 % 83.69 % 83.00 % 81.49 % 87.47 % 89.87 % 87.64 % 86.15 %
32 UG3DMOT code 78.60 % 76.01 % 82.28 % 80.77 % 85.44 % 85.36 % 91.37 % 87.84 % 87.98 %
J. He, C. Fu, X. Wang and J. Wang: 3D multi-object tracking based on informatic divergence-guided data association. Signal Processing 2024.
33 MSA-MOT
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 78.52 % 75.19 % 82.56 % 82.42 % 82.21 % 85.21 % 90.16 % 87.00 % 88.01 %
Z. Zhu, J. Nie, H. Wu, Z. He and M. Gao: MSA-MOT: Multi-Stage Association for 3D Multimodality Multi-Object Tracking. Sensors 2022.
34 YONTD-MOT
This method uses stereo information.
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 78.08 % 74.16 % 82.86 % 78.95 % 85.71 % 85.44 % 91.74 % 88.23 % 85.09 %
X. Wang, J. He, C. Fu, T. Meng and M. Huang: You Only Need Two Detectors to Achieve Multi-Modal 3D Multi-Object Tracking. arXiv preprint arXiv:2304.08709 2023.
35 PermaTrack
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 78.03 % 78.29 % 78.41 % 81.71 % 86.54 % 81.14 % 89.49 % 87.10 % 91.33 %
P. Tokmakov, J. Li, W. Burgard and A. Gaidon: Learning to Track with Object Permanence. ICCV 2021.
36 Fatinn 77.97 % 77.81 % 78.80 % 81.58 % 85.88 % 81.14 % 90.27 % 86.88 % 90.31 %
37 PC3T
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
 code 77.80 % 74.57 % 81.59 % 79.19 % 84.07 % 84.77 % 88.75 % 86.07 % 88.81 %
H. Wu, W. Han, C. Wen, X. Li and C. Wang: 3D Multi-Object Tracking in Point Clouds Based on Prediction Confidence-Guided Data Association. IEEE TITS 2021.
38 S3Track 77.58 % 77.91 % 77.93 % 84.49 % 84.41 % 82.02 % 88.98 % 88.35 % 88.38 %
Anonymous: S$^3$Track: Self-supervised Tracking with Soft Assignment Flow. .
39 C-TWiX
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 77.58 % 76.97 % 78.84 % 80.25 % 86.43 % 81.90 % 88.35 % 86.95 % 89.68 %
M. Miah, G. Bilodeau and N. Saunier: Learning data association for multi-object tracking using only coordinates. Pattern Recognition 2025.
40 Stereo3DMOT code 77.32 % 73.43 % 81.86 % 77.34 % 85.38 % 84.66 % 89.61 % 86.72 % 87.10 %
C. Mao, C. Tan, H. Liu, J. Hu and M. Zheng: Stereo3DMOT: Stereo Vision Based 3D Multi-object Tracking with Multimodal ReID. Chinese Conference on Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision (PRCV) 2023.
41 S3MOT
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 76.86 % 76.95 % 77.41 % 83.79 % 83.41 % 81.01 % 87.99 % 87.87 % 86.93 %
Z. Yan, S. Feng, X. Li, Y. Zhou, C. Xia and S. Li: S3MOT: Monocular 3D Object Tracking with Selective State Space Model. arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.18068 2025.
42 OC-SORT
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 76.54 % 77.25 % 76.39 % 80.64 % 86.36 % 80.33 % 87.17 % 87.01 % 90.28 %
J. Cao, X. Weng, R. Khirodkar, J. Pang and K. Kitani: Observation-Centric SORT: Rethinking SORT for Robust Multi-Object Tracking. 2022.
43 Co-MOT 75.76 % 74.01 % 78.13 % 80.89 % 82.40 % 80.47 % 90.35 % 87.11 % 85.29 %
44 3DMLA 75.65 % 71.92 % 80.02 % 77.31 % 83.33 % 83.73 % 88.39 % 86.62 % 85.03 %
M. Cho and E. Kim: 3D LiDAR Multi-Object Tracking with Short-Term and Long-Term Multi-Level Associations. Remote Sensing 2023.
45 StrongFusion-MOT 75.65 % 72.08 % 79.84 % 75.20 % 86.23 % 82.42 % 89.81 % 86.74 % 85.53 %
X. Wang, C. Fu, J. He, S. Wang and J. Wang: StrongFusionMOT: A Multi-Object Tracking Method Based on LiDAR-Camera Fusion. IEEE Sensors Journal 2022.
46 Mono_3D_KF
This method makes use of GPS/IMU information.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 75.47 % 74.10 % 77.63 % 78.86 % 82.98 % 80.23 % 88.88 % 85.48 % 88.48 %
A. Reich and H. Wuensche: Monocular 3D Multi-Object Tracking with an EKF Approach for Long-Term Stable Tracks. 2021 IEEE 24th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION) 2021.
47 DeepFusion-MOT
This method uses stereo information.
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 75.46 % 71.54 % 80.05 % 75.34 % 85.25 % 82.63 % 89.77 % 86.70 % 84.63 %
X. Wang, C. Fu, Z. Li, Y. Lai and J. He: DeepFusionMOT: A 3D Multi-Object Tracking Framework Based on Camera-LiDAR Fusion with Deep Association. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 2022.
48 CollabMOT
This method uses stereo information.
 75.26 % 75.46 % 75.74 % 80.06 % 84.36 % 78.75 % 88.53 % 86.44 % 89.08 %
P. Ninh and H. Kim: CollabMOT Stereo Camera Collaborative Multi Object Tracking. IEEE Access 2024.
49 APPTracker+
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 75.19 % 75.55 % 75.36 % 78.77 % 86.04 % 78.34 % 88.24 % 86.59 % 89.09 %
T. Zhou, Q. Ye, W. Luo, H. Ran, Z. Shi and J. Chen: APPTracker+: Displacement Uncertainty for Occlusion Handling in Low-Frame-Rate Multiple Object Tracking. International Journal of Computer Vision 2024.
50 PolarMOT code 75.16 % 73.94 % 76.95 % 80.81 % 82.40 % 80.00 % 89.27 % 87.12 % 85.08 %
A. Kim, G. Bras'o, A. O\vsep and L. Leal-Taix'e: PolarMOT: How Far Can Geometric Relations Take Us in 3D Multi-Object Tracking?. European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) 2022.
51 EagerMOT code 74.39 % 75.27 % 74.16 % 78.77 % 86.42 % 76.24 % 91.05 % 87.17 % 87.82 %
A. Kim, A. Osep and L. Leal-Taix'e: EagerMOT: 3D Multi-Object Tracking via Sensor Fusion. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 2021.
52 DEFT
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 74.23 % 75.33 % 73.79 % 79.96 % 83.97 % 78.30 % 85.19 % 86.14 % 88.38 %
M. Chaabane, P. Zhang, R. Beveridge and S. O'Hara: DEFT: Detection Embeddings for Tracking. Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Workshops 2021.
53 TripletTrack 73.58 % 73.18 % 74.66 % 76.18 % 86.81 % 77.31 % 89.55 % 87.37 % 84.32 %
N. Marinello, M. Proesmans and L. Van Gool: TripletTrack: 3D Object Tracking Using Triplet Embeddings and LSTM. Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Workshops 2022.
54 FNC2
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 73.19 % 73.27 % 73.77 % 80.98 % 81.67 % 77.05 % 89.84 % 87.31 % 84.21 %
C. Jiang, Z. Wang, H. Liang and Y. Wang: A Novel Adaptive Noise Covariance Matrix Estimation and Filtering Method: Application to Multiobject Tracking. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles 2024.
C. Jiang, Z. Wang and H. Liang: A Fast and High-Performance Object Proposal Method for Vision Sensors: Application to Object Detection. IEEE Sensors Journal 2022.
55 mono3DT
This method makes use of GPS/IMU information.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 73.16 % 72.73 % 74.18 % 76.51 % 85.28 % 77.18 % 87.77 % 86.88 % 84.28 %
H. Hu, Q. Cai, D. Wang, J. Lin, M. Sun, P. Krähenbühl, T. Darrell and F. Yu: Joint Monocular 3D Vehicle Detection and Tracking. ICCV 2019.
56 LGM 73.14 % 74.61 % 72.31 % 80.53 % 82.16 % 76.38 % 84.74 % 85.85 % 87.60 %
G. Wang, R. Gu, Z. Liu, W. Hu, M. Song and J. Hwang: Track without Appearance: Learn Box and Tracklet Embedding with Local and Global Motion Patterns for Vehicle Tracking. Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2021.
57 CenterTrack
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 73.02 % 75.62 % 71.20 % 80.10 % 84.56 % 73.84 % 89.00 % 86.52 % 88.83 %
X. Zhou, V. Koltun and P. Krähenbühl: Tracking Objects as Points. ECCV 2020.
58 QD-3DT
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 72.77 % 74.09 % 72.19 % 78.13 % 85.48 % 74.87 % 89.21 % 87.16 % 85.94 %
H. Hu, Y. Yang, T. Fischer, F. Yu, T. Darrell and M. Sun: Monocular Quasi-Dense 3D Object Tracking. ArXiv:2103.07351 2021.
59 SpbTracker
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
 72.66 % 74.69 % 71.43 % 79.04 % 85.59 % 77.69 % 85.86 % 87.48 % 86.51 %
E. Im, C. Jee and J. Lee: Spb3DTracker: A Robust LiDAR-Based Person Tracker for Noisy Environmen. arXiv preprint arXiv:2408.05940 2024.
60 TrackMPNN
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 72.30 % 74.69 % 70.63 % 80.02 % 83.11 % 73.58 % 87.14 % 86.14 % 87.33 %
A. Rangesh, P. Maheshwari, M. Gebre, S. Mhatre, V. Ramezani and M. Trivedi: TrackMPNN: A Message Passing Graph Neural Architecture for Multi-Object Tracking. arXiv preprint arXiv:2101.04206 .
61 EAFFMOT
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 72.28 % 71.97 % 73.08 % 77.05 % 83.77 % 76.39 % 88.66 % 86.73 % 84.77 %
J. Jin, J. Zhang, K. Zhang, Y. Wang, Y. Ma and D. Pan: 3D multi-object tracking with boosting data association and improved trajectory management mechanism. Signal Processing 2024.
62 DiTMOT code 72.21 % 71.09 % 74.04 % 75.98 % 83.28 % 76.57 % 89.97 % 86.15 % 84.53 %
S. Wang, P. Cai, L. Wang and M. Liu: DiTNet: End-to-End 3D Object Detection and Track ID Assignment in Spatio-Temporal World. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 2021.
63 MO-YOLO code 72.08 % 71.02 % 73.84 % 75.59 % 83.52 % 77.75 % 86.41 % 86.04 % 83.19 %
L. Pan, Y. Feng, W. Di, L. Bo and Z. Xingle: MO-YOLO: End-to-End Multiple-Object Tracking Method with YOLO and MOTR. arXiv preprint arXiv:2310.17170 2023.
64 SMAT
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 71.88 % 72.13 % 72.13 % 74.43 % 87.33 % 74.77 % 88.30 % 87.19 % 83.64 %
N. Gonzalez, A. Ospina and P. Calvez: SMAT: Smart Multiple Affinity Metrics for Multiple Object Tracking. Image Analysis and Recognition 2020.
65 NC2
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 71.85 % 69.61 % 74.81 % 81.19 % 76.99 % 78.57 % 89.33 % 87.30 % 78.52 %
C. Jiang, Z. Wang, H. Liang and Y. Wang: A Novel Adaptive Noise Covariance Matrix Estimation and Filtering Method: Application to Multiobject Tracking. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles 2024.
66 TuSimple
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 71.55 % 72.62 % 71.11 % 76.78 % 83.84 % 74.51 % 86.26 % 85.72 % 86.31 %
W. Choi: Near-online multi-target tracking with aggregated local flow descriptor. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision 2015.
K. He, X. Zhang, S. Ren and J. Sun: Deep residual learning for image recognition. Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition 2016.
67 BcMODT 71.00 % 73.62 % 69.14 % 78.86 % 83.97 % 72.34 % 88.70 % 86.93 % 85.48 %
K. Zhang, Y. Liu, F. Mei, J. Jin and Y. Wang: Boost Correlation Features with 3D-MiIoU- Based Camera-LiDAR Fusion for MODT in Autonomous Driving. Remote Sensing 2023.
68 JMODT
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 70.73 % 73.45 % 68.76 % 78.67 % 84.02 % 72.46 % 88.02 % 86.95 % 85.35 %
K. Huang and Q. Hao: Joint multi-object detection and tracking with camera-LiDAR fusion for autonomous driving. 2021 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) 2021.
69 AB3DMOT+PointRCNN code 69.99 % 71.13 % 69.33 % 75.66 % 84.40 % 72.31 % 89.02 % 86.85 % 83.61 %
X. Weng, J. Wang, D. Held and K. Kitani: 3D Multi-Object Tracking: A Baseline and New Evaluation Metrics. IROS 2020.
70 JRMOT
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 69.61 % 73.05 % 66.89 % 76.95 % 85.07 % 69.18 % 88.95 % 86.72 % 85.10 %
A. Shenoi, M. Patel, J. Gwak, P. Goebel, A. Sadeghian, H. Rezatofighi, R. Mart\'in-Mart\'in and S. Savarese: JRMOT: A Real-Time 3D Multi-Object Tracker and a New Large-Scale Dataset. The IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) 2020.
71 MOTSFusion
This method uses stereo information.
 code 68.74 % 72.19 % 66.16 % 76.05 % 84.88 % 69.57 % 85.49 % 86.56 % 84.24 %
J. Luiten, T. Fischer and B. Leibe: Track to Reconstruct and Reconstruct to Track. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 2020.
72 IMMDP
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 68.66 % 68.02 % 69.76 % 71.47 % 83.28 % 74.50 % 82.02 % 84.80 % 82.75 %
Y. Xiang, A. Alahi and S. Savarese: Learning to Track: Online Multi- Object Tracking by Decision Making. International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2015.
S. Ren, K. He, R. Girshick and J. Sun: Faster R-CNN: Towards Real- Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks. NIPS 2015.
73 SRK_ODESA(hc)
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 68.51 % 75.40 % 63.08 % 78.89 % 86.00 % 65.89 % 87.47 % 86.88 % 87.79 %
D. Mykheievskyi, D. Borysenko and V. Porokhonskyy: Learning Local Feature Descriptors for Multiple Object Tracking. ACCV 2020.
74 Quasi-Dense
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 68.45 % 72.44 % 65.49 % 76.01 % 85.37 % 68.28 % 88.53 % 86.50 % 84.93 %
J. Pang, L. Qiu, X. Li, H. Chen, Q. Li, T. Darrell and F. Yu: Quasi-Dense Similarity Learning for Multiple Object Tracking. CVPR 2021.
75 MASS
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 68.25 % 72.92 % 64.46 % 76.83 % 85.14 % 72.12 % 81.46 % 86.80 % 84.64 %
H. Karunasekera, H. Wang and H. Zhang: Multiple Object Tracking with attention to Appearance, Structure, Motion and Size. IEEE Access 2019.
76 PNAS-MOT code 67.32 % 77.69 % 58.99 % 81.58 % 85.81 % 64.70 % 80.74 % 86.94 % 89.59 %
C. Peng, Z. Zeng, J. Gao, J. Zhou, M. Tomizuka, X. Wang, C. Zhou and N. Ye: PNAS-MOT: Multi-Modal Object Tracking With Pareto Neural Architecture Search. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 2024.
77 JCSTD
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 65.94 % 65.37 % 67.03 % 68.49 % 82.42 % 71.02 % 82.25 % 84.03 % 80.24 %
W. Tian, M. Lauer and L. Chen: Online Multi-Object Tracking Using Joint Domain Information in Traffic Scenarios. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2019.
78 \ code 65.14 % 64.64 % 66.38 % 72.51 % 73.25 % 69.65 % 83.33 % 81.50 % 80.22 %
79 MDP
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 64.79 % 63.04 % 67.05 % 66.18 % 82.22 % 69.61 % 85.61 % 84.24 % 76.08 %
Y. Xiang, A. Alahi and S. Savarese: Learning to Track: Online Multi- Object Tracking by Decision Making. International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2015.
Y. Xiang, W. Choi, Y. Lin and S. Savarese: Subcategory-aware Convolutional Neural Networks for Object Proposals and Detection. IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) 2017.
80 NOMT* 64.77 % 63.08 % 67.04 % 66.92 % 79.28 % 70.38 % 83.14 % 82.22 % 77.91 %
W. Choi: Near-Online Multi-target Tracking with Aggregated Local Flow Descriptor . ICCV 2015.
81 SRK_ODESA(mc)
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 64.25 % 74.87 % 55.70 % 78.62 % 84.68 % 62.10 % 81.78 % 85.85 % 88.50 %
D. Mykheievskyi, D. Borysenko and V. Porokhonskyy: Learning Local Feature Descriptors for Multiple Object Tracking. ACCV 2020.
82 MOTBeyondPixels
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 63.75 % 72.87 % 56.40 % 76.58 % 85.38 % 59.05 % 86.70 % 86.90 % 82.68 %
S. Sharma, J. Ansari, J. Krishna Murthy and K. Madhava Krishna: Beyond Pixels: Leveraging Geometry and Shape Cues for Online Multi-Object Tracking. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 2018.
83 LOD 63.18 % 58.71 % 68.49 % 60.84 % 85.52 % 72.91 % 85.02 % 86.34 % 67.29 %
84 mmMOT code 62.05 % 72.29 % 54.02 % 76.17 % 84.89 % 58.98 % 82.40 % 86.58 % 83.23 %
W. Zhang, H. Zhou, Sun, Z. Wang, J. Shi and C. Loy: Robust Multi-Modality Multi-Object Tracking. International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2019.
85 FANTrack
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 60.85 % 64.36 % 58.69 % 69.17 % 80.82 % 60.78 % 88.94 % 84.72 % 75.84 %
E. Baser, V. Balasubramanian, P. Bhattacharyya and K. Czarnecki: FANTrack: 3D Multi-Object Tracking with Feature Association Network. ArXiv 2019.
86 DSM 60.05 % 64.09 % 57.18 % 67.22 % 83.64 % 59.91 % 86.32 % 85.39 % 73.94 %
D. Frossard and R. Urtasun: End-To-End Learning of Multi-Sensor 3D Tracking by Detection. ICRA 2018.
87 aUToTrack
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This method makes use of GPS/IMU information.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 59.83 % 67.82 % 53.68 % 72.66 % 79.60 % 55.94 % 86.52 % 83.10 % 80.97 %
K. Burnett, S. Samavi, S. Waslander, T. Barfoot and A. Schoellig: aUToTrack: A Lightweight Object Detection and Tracking System for the SAE AutoDrive Challenge. arXiv:1905.08758 2019.
88 extraCK
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 59.76 % 65.18 % 55.47 % 69.21 % 81.69 % 61.82 % 75.70 % 84.30 % 79.29 %
G. Gunduz and T. Acarman: A lightweight online multiple object vehicle tracking method. Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), 2018 IEEE 2018.
89 3D-CNN/PMBM
This method makes use of GPS/IMU information.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 59.12 % 65.43 % 54.28 % 69.87 % 80.68 % 57.28 % 83.89 % 83.94 % 79.23 %
S. Scheidegger, J. Benjaminsson, E. Rosenberg, A. Krishnan and K. Granström: Mono-Camera 3D Multi-Object Tracking Using Deep Learning Detections and PMBM Filtering. 2018 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, IV 2018, Changshu, Suzhou, China, June 26-30, 2018 2018.
90 NOMT-HM*
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 59.08 % 61.27 % 57.45 % 65.14 % 79.29 % 60.25 % 83.46 % 82.63 % 74.66 %
W. Choi: Near-Online Multi-target Tracking with Aggregated Local Flow Descriptor . ICCV 2015.
91 Point3DT
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
 57.20 % 55.71 % 59.15 % 64.66 % 68.67 % 63.20 % 78.30 % 80.07 % 67.56 %
Sukai Wang and M. Liu: PointTrackNet: An End-to-End Network for 3-D Object Detection and Tracking from Point Clouds. to be submitted ICRA'20 .
92 LP-SSVM* 56.62 % 61.02 % 52.80 % 65.32 % 76.83 % 55.61 % 80.07 % 80.92 % 76.82 %
S. Wang and C. Fowlkes: Learning Optimal Parameters for Multi-target Tracking with Contextual Interactions. International Journal of Computer Vision 2016.
93 MCMOT-CPD 56.61 % 64.28 % 50.55 % 67.37 % 82.77 % 53.96 % 81.97 % 84.26 % 77.98 %
B. Lee, E. Erdenee, S. Jin, M. Nam, Y. Jung and P. Rhee: Multi-class Multi-object Tracking Using Changing Point Detection. ECCVWORK 2016.
94 NOMT 56.49 % 52.29 % 61.59 % 54.73 % 78.75 % 64.63 % 83.40 % 81.41 % 66.36 %
W. Choi: Near-Online Multi-target Tracking with Aggregated Local Flow Descriptor . ICCV 2015.
95 SCEA*
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 56.09 % 60.70 % 52.15 % 64.97 % 77.83 % 54.87 % 81.17 % 81.94 % 74.92 %
J. Yoon, C. Lee, M. Yang and K. Yoon: Online Multi-object Tracking via Structural Constraint Event Aggregation. IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) 2016.
96 RMOT*
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 55.82 % 54.95 % 57.34 % 62.56 % 69.08 % 62.58 % 74.77 % 78.82 % 65.07 %
J. Yoon, M. Yang, J. Lim and K. Yoon: Bayesian Multi-Object Tracking Using Motion Context from Multiple Objects. IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) 2015.
97 CIWT*
This method uses stereo information.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 54.90 % 60.57 % 49.99 % 64.13 % 78.77 % 51.98 % 82.33 % 81.87 % 74.44 %
A. Osep, W. Mehner, M. Mathias and B. Leibe: Combined Image- and World-Space Tracking in Traffic Scenes. ICRA 2017.
98 FAMNet 52.56 % 61.00 % 45.51 % 64.40 % 78.67 % 48.66 % 77.41 % 81.47 % 75.92 %
P. Chu and H. Ling: FAMNet: Joint Learning of Feature, Affinity and Multi-dimensional Assignment for Online Multiple Object Tracking. ICCV 2019.
99 SASN-MCF_nano 52.24 % 59.65 % 46.22 % 66.28 % 77.27 % 56.20 % 68.77 % 84.56 % 69.82 %
G. Gunduz and T. Acarman: Efficient Multi-Object Tracking by Strong Associations on Temporal Window. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles 2019.
100 NOMT-HM
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 52.17 % 48.58 % 56.45 % 50.76 % 79.02 % 58.78 % 84.62 % 81.82 % 60.68 %
W. Choi: Near-Online Multi-target Tracking with Aggregated Local Flow Descriptor . ICCV 2015.
101 SSP* code 51.16 % 58.96 % 44.64 % 65.26 % 74.09 % 46.75 % 80.78 % 81.32 % 70.94 %
P. Lenz, A. Geiger and R. Urtasun: FollowMe: Efficient Online Min-Cost Flow Tracking with Bounded Memory and Computation. International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2015.
102 mbodSSP*
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 50.92 % 58.57 % 44.51 % 63.69 % 75.67 % 46.47 % 81.23 % 81.44 % 70.78 %
P. Lenz, A. Geiger and R. Urtasun: FollowMe: Efficient Online Min-Cost Flow Tracking with Bounded Memory and Computation. International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2015.
103 Complexer-YOLO
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This method makes use of GPS/IMU information.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 49.12 % 62.44 % 39.34 % 67.58 % 76.86 % 40.72 % 85.23 % 81.47 % 72.61 %
M. Simon, K. Amende, A. Kraus, J. Honer, T. Samann, H. Kaulbersch, S. Milz and H. Michael Gross: Complexer-YOLO: Real-Time 3D Object Detection and Tracking on Semantic Point Clouds. The IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Workshops 2019.
104 LP-SSVM 47.21 % 47.93 % 46.77 % 50.19 % 77.19 % 48.78 % 81.46 % 80.40 % 61.08 %
S. Wang and C. Fowlkes: Learning Optimal Parameters for Multi-target Tracking with Contextual Interactions. International Journal of Computer Vision 2016.
105 DCO-X* code 46.53 % 56.69 % 38.71 % 62.56 % 74.41 % 41.26 % 79.21 % 81.50 % 66.22 %
A. Milan, K. Schindler and S. Roth: Detection- and Trajectory-Level Exclusion in Multiple Object Tracking. CVPR 2013.
106 RMOT
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 44.80 % 42.02 % 48.32 % 44.53 % 73.59 % 51.68 % 77.62 % 78.92 % 51.92 %
J. Yoon, M. Yang, J. Lim and K. Yoon: Bayesian Multi-Object Tracking Using Motion Context from Multiple Objects. IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) 2015.
107 CEM code 43.41 % 41.72 % 45.77 % 43.72 % 76.72 % 47.45 % 83.68 % 80.44 % 51.34 %
A. Milan, S. Roth and K. Schindler: Continuous Energy Minimization for Multitarget Tracking. IEEE TPAMI 2014.
108 SCEA
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 43.06 % 44.75 % 41.70 % 46.22 % 80.08 % 43.11 % 84.22 % 81.84 % 56.00 %
J. Yoon, C. Lee, M. Yang and K. Yoon: Online Multi-object Tracking via Structural Constraint Event Aggregation. IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) 2016.
109 TBD code 43.01 % 43.06 % 43.30 % 44.50 % 79.49 % 44.94 % 84.22 % 81.47 % 53.94 %
A. Geiger, M. Lauer, C. Wojek, C. Stiller and R. Urtasun: 3D Traffic Scene Understanding from Movable Platforms. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI) 2014.
H. Zhang, A. Geiger and R. Urtasun: Understanding High-Level Semantics by Modeling Traffic Patterns. International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2013.
110 SORT 42.52 % 44.01 % 41.31 % 47.30 % 73.93 % 42.83 % 83.04 % 80.75 % 53.15 %
A. Bewley, Z. Ge, L. Ott, F. Ramos and B. Upcroft: Simple online and realtime tracking. 2016 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) 2016.
111 SSP code 40.07 % 44.83 % 36.13 % 46.55 % 78.34 % 39.99 % 75.30 % 80.91 % 56.33 %
P. Lenz, A. Geiger and R. Urtasun: FollowMe: Efficient Online Min-Cost Flow Tracking with Bounded Memory and Computation. International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2015.
112 mbodSSP
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 39.49 % 43.94 % 35.82 % 45.72 % 77.85 % 36.95 % 84.35 % 80.76 % 54.10 %
P. Lenz, A. Geiger and R. Urtasun: FollowMe: Efficient Online Min-Cost Flow Tracking with Bounded Memory and Computation. International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2015.
113 ODAMOT
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 37.05 % 46.53 % 30.07 % 49.91 % 73.20 % 32.46 % 78.19 % 79.26 % 57.03 %
A. Gaidon and E. Vig: Online Domain Adaptation for Multi-Object Tracking. British Machine Vision Conference (BMVC) 2015.
114 FMMOVT 34.35 % 33.80 % 35.39 % 39.20 % 62.79 % 39.66 % 75.42 % 80.40 % 31.23 %
F. Alencar, C. Massera, D. Ridel and D. Wolf: Fast Metric Multi-Object Vehicle Tracking for Dynamical Environment Comprehension. Latin American Robotics Symposium (LARS), 2015 2015.
115 MCF 33.98 % 35.97 % 32.32 % 36.87 % 79.67 % 33.65 % 82.48 % 81.31 % 44.40 %
L. Zhang, Y. Li and R. Nevatia: Global data association for multi-object tracking using network flows.. CVPR .
116 HM
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 33.79 % 34.30 % 33.45 % 35.16 % 79.56 % 34.55 % 83.08 % 81.33 % 42.36 %
A. Geiger: Probabilistic Models for 3D Urban Scene Understanding from Movable Platforms. 2013.
117 DCO code 33.45 % 36.33 % 31.30 % 40.93 % 64.11 % 34.23 % 73.46 % 77.25 % 36.72 %
A. Andriyenko, K. Schindler and S. Roth: Discrete-Continuous Optimization for Multi-Target Tracking. CVPR 2012.
118 DP-MCF code 25.97 % 35.69 % 19.12 % 36.76 % 78.84 % 28.98 % 39.84 % 81.19 % 36.89 %
H. Pirsiavash, D. Ramanan and C. Fowlkes: Globally-Optimal Greedy Algorithms for Tracking a Variable Number of Objects. IEEE conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) 2011.
Table as LaTeX | Only published Methods


PEDESTRIAN



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Method Setting Code HOTA DetA AssA DetRe DetPr AssRe AssPr LocA MOTA
1 OC-SORT
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 54.69 % 50.82 % 59.08 % 55.68 % 70.94 % 64.09 % 73.36 % 78.52 % 65.14 %
J. Cao, X. Weng, R. Khirodkar, J. Pang and K. Kitani: Observation-Centric SORT: Rethinking SORT for Robust Multi-Object Tracking. 2022.
2 JHIT 54.07 % 51.63 % 56.88 % 57.54 % 69.47 % 61.87 % 71.95 % 78.38 % 64.95 %
P. Claasen and J. Villiers: Interacting Multiple Model-based Joint Homography Matrix and Multiple Object State Estimation. 2024.
3 RAM
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 52.71 % 53.55 % 52.19 % 58.86 % 70.17 % 59.49 % 64.99 % 77.70 % 68.40 %
P. Tokmakov, A. Jabri, J. Li and A. Gaidon: Object Permanence Emerges in a Random Walk along Memory. ICML 2022.
4 C-TWiX
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 52.44 % 50.83 % 54.35 % 55.26 % 72.37 % 59.45 % 72.89 % 79.15 % 64.95 %
M. Miah, G. Bilodeau and N. Saunier: Learning data association for multi-object tracking using only coordinates. Pattern Recognition 2025.
5 Fatinn 51.65 % 52.29 % 51.35 % 57.90 % 70.78 % 55.04 % 75.97 % 79.01 % 64.34 %
6 AHMOT code 51.63 % 50.30 % 53.37 % 58.85 % 62.70 % 58.64 % 70.28 % 75.79 % 59.96 %
7 MO-YOLO code 51.46 % 45.59 % 58.39 % 50.18 % 68.98 % 63.35 % 72.93 % 77.86 % 56.84 %
L. Pan, Y. Feng, W. Di, L. Bo and Z. Xingle: MO-YOLO: End-to-End Multiple-Object Tracking Method with YOLO and MOTR. arXiv preprint arXiv:2310.17170 2023.
8 \ code 51.26 % 49.71 % 53.25 % 58.58 % 62.11 % 58.65 % 70.14 % 75.79 % 58.40 %
9 TINN 50.94 % 49.33 % 52.85 % 54.13 % 71.13 % 57.36 % 73.97 % 78.97 % 60.69 %
10 SRK_ODESA(hp)
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 50.87 % 53.43 % 48.78 % 57.79 % 72.90 % 53.45 % 71.33 % 78.81 % 68.04 %
D. Mykheievskyi, D. Borysenko and V. Porokhonskyy: Learning Local Feature Descriptors for Multiple Object Tracking. ACCV 2020.
11 MMTrack
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 49.28 % 44.08 % 55.33 % 47.15 % 72.98 % 58.79 % 77.59 % 79.26 % 56.19 %
L. Xu and Y. Huang: Rethinking Joint Detection and Embedding for Multiobject Tracking in Multiscenario. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 2024.
12 PermaTrack
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 48.63 % 52.28 % 45.61 % 57.40 % 71.03 % 49.63 % 73.28 % 78.57 % 65.98 %
P. Tokmakov, J. Li, W. Burgard and A. Gaidon: Learning to Track with Object Permanence. ICCV 2021.
13 FNC2
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 46.55 % 46.82 % 46.68 % 53.01 % 59.38 % 50.84 % 65.82 % 72.07 % 56.05 %
C. Jiang, Z. Wang, H. Liang and Y. Wang: A Novel Adaptive Noise Covariance Matrix Estimation and Filtering Method: Application to Multiobject Tracking. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles 2024.
C. Jiang, Z. Wang and H. Liang: A Fast and High-Performance Object Proposal Method for Vision Sensors: Application to Object Detection. IEEE Sensors Journal 2022.
14 3D-TLSR
This method uses stereo information.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 46.34 % 42.03 % 51.32 % 44.51 % 71.14 % 54.45 % 73.11 % 76.87 % 53.58 %
U. Nguyen and C. Heipke: 3D Pedestrian tracking using local structure constraints. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 2020.
15 TuSimple
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 45.88 % 44.66 % 47.62 % 47.92 % 69.51 % 52.04 % 69.88 % 76.43 % 57.61 %
W. Choi: Near-online multi-target tracking with aggregated local flow descriptor. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision 2015.
K. He, X. Zhang, S. Ren and J. Sun: Deep residual learning for image recognition. Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition 2016.
16 CAT
This method uses stereo information.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 45.65 % 42.43 % 49.55 % 45.89 % 67.79 % 53.20 % 71.97 % 75.90 % 51.96 %
U. Nguyen, F. Rottensteiner and C. Heipke: CONFIDENCE-AWARE PEDESTRIAN TRACKING USING A STEREO CAMERA. ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences 2019.
17 MPNTrack code 45.26 % 43.74 % 47.28 % 53.62 % 58.30 % 52.18 % 68.47 % 75.93 % 46.23 %
G. Brasó and L. Leal-Taixé: Learning a Neural Solver for Multiple Object Tracking. The IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) 2020.
G. Bras\'o, O. Cetintas and L. Leal-Taix\'e: Multi-Object Tracking and Segmentation Via Neural Message Passing. International Journal of Computer Vision 2022.
18 MSA-MOT
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 44.73 % 40.93 % 49.34 % 47.09 % 55.94 % 52.88 % 65.83 % 71.21 % 47.86 %
Z. Zhu, J. Nie, H. Wu, Z. He and M. Gao: MSA-MOT: Multi-Stage Association for 3D Multimodality Multi-Object Tracking. Sensors 2022.
19 NC2
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 44.30 % 42.31 % 46.75 % 52.97 % 52.43 % 50.91 % 65.83 % 72.08 % 44.18 %
C. Jiang, Z. Wang, H. Liang and Y. Wang: A Novel Adaptive Noise Covariance Matrix Estimation and Filtering Method: Application to Multiobject Tracking. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles 2024.
20 SRK_ODESA(mp)
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 43.73 % 53.73 % 36.05 % 58.01 % 73.19 % 40.05 % 69.44 % 78.91 % 67.31 %
D. Mykheievskyi, D. Borysenko and V. Porokhonskyy: Learning Local Feature Descriptors for Multiple Object Tracking. ACCV 2020.
21 PolarMOT code 43.59 % 39.88 % 48.12 % 44.90 % 57.40 % 51.95 % 65.22 % 71.34 % 46.98 %
A. Kim, G. Bras'o, A. O\vsep and L. Leal-Taix'e: PolarMOT: How Far Can Geometric Relations Take Us in 3D Multi-Object Tracking?. European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) 2022.
22 Co-MOT 43.52 % 39.88 % 47.97 % 44.51 % 58.08 % 52.00 % 64.83 % 71.35 % 47.65 %
23 StrongFusion-MOT 43.42 % 38.86 % 48.83 % 45.30 % 53.81 % 52.54 % 63.17 % 70.53 % 39.04 %
X. Wang, C. Fu, J. He, S. Wang and J. Wang: StrongFusionMOT: A Multi-Object Tracking Method Based on LiDAR-Camera Fusion. IEEE Sensors Journal 2022.
24 Be-Track
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 43.36 % 39.99 % 47.23 % 43.00 % 69.03 % 51.28 % 69.60 % 76.78 % 50.85 %
M. Dimitrievski, P. Veelaert and W. Philips: Behavioral Pedestrian Tracking Using a Camera and LiDAR Sensors on a Moving Vehicle. Sensors 2019.
25 SpbTracker
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
 43.25 % 42.03 % 44.79 % 44.85 % 62.85 % 51.24 % 60.72 % 71.87 % 53.55 %
E. Im, C. Jee and J. Lee: Spb3DTracker: A Robust LiDAR-Based Person Tracker for Noisy Environmen. arXiv preprint arXiv:2408.05940 2024.
26 Mono_3D_KF
This method makes use of GPS/IMU information.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 42.87 % 40.13 % 46.31 % 46.02 % 59.91 % 52.86 % 63.50 % 74.03 % 45.44 %
A. Reich and H. Wuensche: Monocular 3D Multi-Object Tracking with an EKF Approach for Long-Term Stable Tracks. 2021 IEEE 24th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION) 2021.
27 TripletTrack 42.77 % 39.54 % 46.54 % 41.97 % 71.91 % 50.86 % 71.26 % 77.93 % 50.08 %
N. Marinello, M. Proesmans and L. Van Gool: TripletTrack: 3D Object Tracking Using Triplet Embeddings and LSTM. Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Workshops 2022.
28 MDP
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 42.76 % 39.23 % 47.13 % 43.83 % 63.02 % 50.91 % 71.04 % 75.15 % 47.02 %
Y. Xiang, A. Alahi and S. Savarese: Learning to Track: Online Multi- Object Tracking by Decision Making. International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) 2015.
Y. Xiang, W. Choi, Y. Lin and S. Savarese: Subcategory-aware Convolutional Neural Networks for Object Proposals and Detection. IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) 2017.
29 APPTracker+
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 42.73 % 44.71 % 41.15 % 50.24 % 67.27 % 46.55 % 64.60 % 78.30 % 55.45 %
T. Zhou, Q. Ye, W. Luo, H. Ran, Z. Shi and J. Chen: APPTracker+: Displacement Uncertainty for Occlusion Handling in Low-Frame-Rate Multiple Object Tracking. International Journal of Computer Vision 2024.
30 Quasi-Dense
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 41.12 % 44.81 % 38.10 % 48.55 % 70.39 % 41.02 % 72.47 % 77.87 % 55.55 %
J. Pang, L. Qiu, X. Li, H. Chen, Q. Li, T. Darrell and F. Yu: Quasi-Dense Similarity Learning for Multiple Object Tracking. CVPR 2021.
31 QD-3DT
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 41.08 % 44.01 % 38.82 % 48.96 % 67.19 % 42.09 % 72.44 % 77.38 % 51.77 %
H. Hu, Y. Yang, T. Fischer, F. Yu, T. Darrell and M. Sun: Monocular Quasi-Dense 3D Object Tracking. ArXiv:2103.07351 2021.
32 NOMT* 40.91 % 37.52 % 44.79 % 40.94 % 65.86 % 50.53 % 65.94 % 75.94 % 47.08 %
W. Choi: Near-Online Multi-target Tracking with Aggregated Local Flow Descriptor . ICCV 2015.
33 CenterTrack
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 40.35 % 44.48 % 36.93 % 49.91 % 66.83 % 41.05 % 70.19 % 77.81 % 53.84 %
X. Zhou, V. Koltun and P. Krähenbühl: Tracking Objects as Points. ECCV 2020.
34 EAFFMOT
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 40.20 % 35.59 % 45.63 % 38.35 % 60.03 % 48.98 % 64.15 % 71.25 % 42.01 %
J. Jin, J. Zhang, K. Zhang, Y. Wang, Y. Ma and D. Pan: 3D multi-object tracking with boosting data association and improved trajectory management mechanism. Signal Processing 2024.
35 RMOT*
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 39.56 % 36.07 % 43.63 % 39.74 % 63.97 % 49.54 % 62.82 % 75.35 % 43.32 %
J. Yoon, M. Yang, J. Lim and K. Yoon: Bayesian Multi-Object Tracking Using Motion Context from Multiple Objects. IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) 2015.
36 JCSTD
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 39.44 % 34.20 % 45.79 % 36.15 % 69.39 % 49.38 % 69.00 % 76.23 % 43.42 %
W. Tian, M. Lauer and L. Chen: Online Multi-Object Tracking Using Joint Domain Information in Traffic Scenarios. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2019.
37 TrackMPNN
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 39.40 % 44.24 % 35.45 % 50.78 % 64.58 % 38.98 % 69.80 % 77.56 % 52.10 %
A. Rangesh, P. Maheshwari, M. Gebre, S. Mhatre, V. Ramezani and M. Trivedi: TrackMPNN: A Message Passing Graph Neural Architecture for Multi-Object Tracking. arXiv preprint arXiv:2101.04206 .
38 EagerMOT code 39.38 % 40.60 % 38.72 % 43.43 % 61.49 % 40.98 % 68.33 % 71.25 % 49.82 %
A. Kim, A. Osep and L. Leal-Taix'e: EagerMOT: 3D Multi-Object Tracking via Sensor Fusion. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 2021.
39 LOD 38.00 % 31.55 % 45.91 % 33.00 % 74.80 % 49.43 % 74.64 % 80.16 % 38.52 %
40 AB3DMOT+PointRCNN code 37.81 % 32.37 % 44.33 % 34.91 % 59.35 % 48.44 % 62.83 % 71.31 % 38.13 %
X. Weng, J. Wang, D. Held and K. Kitani: 3D Multi-Object Tracking: A Baseline and New Evaluation Metrics. IROS 2020.
41 NOMT 36.26 % 31.87 % 41.63 % 34.61 % 61.26 % 46.88 % 62.25 % 72.83 % 36.52 %
W. Choi: Near-Online Multi-target Tracking with Aggregated Local Flow Descriptor . ICCV 2015.
42 NOMT-HM*
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 34.76 % 33.96 % 35.81 % 37.64 % 62.76 % 39.23 % 66.66 % 75.36 % 38.60 %
W. Choi: Near-Online Multi-target Tracking with Aggregated Local Flow Descriptor . ICCV 2015.
43 SCEA*
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 34.66 % 34.31 % 35.21 % 36.70 % 67.74 % 38.33 % 69.46 % 76.23 % 43.26 %
J. Yoon, C. Lee, M. Yang and K. Yoon: Online Multi-object Tracking via Structural Constraint Event Aggregation. IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) 2016.
44 JRMOT
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 34.24 % 38.79 % 30.55 % 42.51 % 66.64 % 32.69 % 70.12 % 76.64 % 45.31 %
A. Shenoi, M. Patel, J. Gwak, P. Goebel, A. Sadeghian, H. Rezatofighi, R. Mart\'in-Mart\'in and S. Savarese: JRMOT: A Real-Time 3D Multi-Object Tracker and a New Large-Scale Dataset. The IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) 2020.
45 RMOT
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 34.09 % 29.61 % 39.45 % 32.12 % 60.92 % 43.14 % 63.59 % 72.99 % 34.05 %
J. Yoon, M. Yang, J. Lim and K. Yoon: Bayesian Multi-Object Tracking Using Motion Context from Multiple Objects. IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) 2015.
46 CIWT*
This method uses stereo information.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 33.93 % 34.00 % 34.07 % 36.35 % 67.44 % 36.34 % 70.76 % 75.96 % 42.10 %
A. Osep, W. Mehner, M. Mathias and B. Leibe: Combined Image- and World-Space Tracking in Traffic Scenes. ICRA 2017.
47 LP-SSVM* 33.74 % 35.74 % 32.03 % 39.54 % 63.11 % 36.36 % 63.24 % 75.18 % 43.42 %
S. Wang and C. Fowlkes: Learning Optimal Parameters for Multi-target Tracking with Contextual Interactions. International Journal of Computer Vision 2016.
48 MCMOT-CPD 32.06 % 36.30 % 28.83 % 39.06 % 68.00 % 32.14 % 69.60 % 76.67 % 44.19 %
B. Lee, E. Erdenee, S. Jin, M. Nam, Y. Jung and P. Rhee: Multi-class Multi-object Tracking Using Changing Point Detection. ECCVWORK 2016.
49 NOMT-HM
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 31.13 % 25.64 % 38.23 % 27.75 % 59.78 % 42.38 % 65.06 % 72.90 % 26.86 %
W. Choi: Near-Online Multi-target Tracking with Aggregated Local Flow Descriptor . ICCV 2015.
50 LP-SSVM 28.19 % 29.29 % 27.57 % 31.61 % 60.77 % 31.12 % 61.78 % 72.49 % 32.42 %
S. Wang and C. Fowlkes: Learning Optimal Parameters for Multi-target Tracking with Contextual Interactions. International Journal of Computer Vision 2016.
51 SCEA
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 27.80 % 27.41 % 28.61 % 29.38 % 62.30 % 30.44 % 68.62 % 73.55 % 31.75 %
J. Yoon, C. Lee, M. Yang and K. Yoon: Online Multi-object Tracking via Structural Constraint Event Aggregation. IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) 2016.
52 YONTD-MOT
This method uses stereo information.
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 code 25.89 % 27.31 % 25.02 % 30.63 % 54.99 % 30.24 % 50.46 % 72.10 % 26.19 %
X. Wang, J. He, C. Fu, T. Meng and M. Huang: You Only Need Two Detectors to Achieve Multi-Modal 3D Multi-Object Tracking. arXiv preprint arXiv:2304.08709 2023.
53 CEM code 25.83 % 25.54 % 26.41 % 27.54 % 60.66 % 27.91 % 68.34 % 73.43 % 26.59 %
A. Milan, S. Roth and K. Schindler: Continuous Energy Minimization for Multitarget Tracking. IEEE TPAMI 2014.
54 Complexer-YOLO
This method makes use of Velodyne laser scans.
This method makes use of GPS/IMU information.
This is an online method (no batch processing).
 14.08 % 24.91 % 8.15 % 27.21 % 52.62 % 8.63 % 59.39 % 68.64 % 11.99 %
M. Simon, K. Amende, A. Kraus, J. Honer, T. Samann, H. Kaulbersch, S. Milz and H. Michael Gross: Complexer-YOLO: Real-Time 3D Object Detection and Tracking on Semantic Point Clouds. The IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Workshops 2019.
Table as LaTeX | Only published Methods


Related Datasets

  • TUD Datasets: "TUD Multiview Pedestrians" and "TUD Stadmitte" Datasets.
  • PETS 2009: The Datasets for the "Performance Evaluation of Tracking and Surveillance"" Workshop.
  • EPFL Terrace: Multi-camera pedestrian videos.
  • ETHZ Sequences: Inner City Sequences from Mobile Platforms.

Citation

When using this dataset in your research, we will be happy if you cite us:
@inproceedings{Geiger2012CVPR,
  author = {Andreas Geiger and Philip Lenz and Raquel Urtasun},
  title = {Are we ready for Autonomous Driving? The KITTI Vision Benchmark Suite},
  booktitle = {Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)},
  year = {2012}
}

@article{Luiten2020IJCV,
  author = {Jonathon Luiten and Aljosa Osep and Patrick Dendorfer and Philip Torr and Andreas Geiger and Laura Leal-Taixe and Bastian Leibe},
  title = {HOTA: A Higher Order Metric for Evaluating Multi-Object Tracking},
  journal = {International Journal of Computer Vision (IJCV)},
  year = {2020}
}



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