\begin{tabular}{c | c | c | c | c}
{\bf Method} & {\bf Moderate} & {\bf Easy} & {\bf Hard} & {\bf Runtime}\\ \hline
VirConv-S \cite{VirConv} & 87.20 \% & 92.48 \% & 82.45 \% & 0.09 s / 1 core \\
UDeerPEP \cite{dong2023pep} & 86.72 \% & 91.77 \% & 82.57 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
VirConv-T \cite{VirConv} & 86.25 \% & 92.54 \% & 81.24 \% & 0.09 s / 1 core \\
TSSTDet \cite{10399338} & 85.47 \% & 91.84 \% & 80.65 \% & 0.08 s / 1 core \\
3ONet \cite{10183841} & 85.47 \% & 92.03 \% & 78.64 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
TED \cite{TED} & 85.28 \% & 91.61 \% & 80.68 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
LoGoNet \cite{li2023logonet} & 85.06 \% & 91.80 \% & 80.74 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
SFD \cite{wu2022sparse} & 84.76 \% & 91.73 \% & 77.92 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
ACFNet \cite{10363115} & 84.67 \% & 90.80 \% & 80.14 \% & 0.11 s / 1 core \\
TED-S Reproduced \cite{ERROR: Wrong syntax in BIBTEX file.} & 84.29 \% & 91.62 \% & 80.00 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
3D HANet \cite{10056279} & 84.18 \% & 90.79 \% & 77.57 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
CasA++ \cite{casa2022} & 84.04 \% & 90.68 \% & 79.69 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
L-AUG \cite{cortinhal2023semanticsaware} & 83.84 \% & 90.53 \% & 79.10 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
GraR-VoI \cite{yang2022graphrcnn} & 83.27 \% & 91.89 \% & 77.78 \% & 0.07 s / 1 core \\
GLENet-VR \cite{zhang2023glenet} & 83.23 \% & 91.67 \% & 78.43 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
VPFNet \cite{9826439} & 83.21 \% & 91.02 \% & 78.20 \% & 0.06 s / 2 cores \\
GraR-Po \cite{yang2022graphrcnn} & 83.18 \% & 91.79 \% & 77.98 \% & 0.06 s / 1 core \\
CasA \cite{casa2022} & 83.06 \% & 91.58 \% & 80.08 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
UPIDet \cite{zhang2023upidet} & 82.97 \% & 89.13 \% & 80.05 \% & 0.11 s / 1 core \\
MLF-DET \cite{lin2023mlf} & 82.89 \% & 91.18 \% & 77.89 \% & 0.09 s / 1 core \\
BtcDet \cite{xu2020behind} & 82.86 \% & 90.64 \% & 78.09 \% & 0.09 s / GPU \\
VPA \cite{ERROR: Wrong syntax in BIBTEX file.} & 82.78 \% & 91.62 \% & 77.97 \% & 0.01 s / 1 core \\
GraR-Vo \cite{yang2022graphrcnn} & 82.77 \% & 91.29 \% & 77.20 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
SPG\_mini \cite{xu2021spg} & 82.66 \% & 90.64 \% & 77.91 \% & 0.09 s / GPU \\
OcTr \cite{zhou2023octr} & 82.64 \% & 90.88 \% & 77.77 \% & 0.06 s / GPU \\
PA3DNet \cite{10034840} & 82.57 \% & 90.49 \% & 77.88 \% & 0.1 s / GPU \\
SE-SSD \cite{zheng2020ciassd} & 82.54 \% & 91.49 \% & 77.15 \% & 0.03 s / 1 core \\
DVF-V \cite{mahmoud2022dense} & 82.45 \% & 89.40 \% & 77.56 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
GraR-Pi \cite{yang2022graphrcnn} & 82.42 \% & 90.94 \% & 77.00 \% & 0.03 s / 1 core \\
DVF-PV \cite{mahmoud2022dense} & 82.40 \% & 90.99 \% & 77.37 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
3D Dual-Fusion \cite{kim20223d} & 82.40 \% & 91.01 \% & 79.39 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
RDIoU \cite{sheng2022rdiou} & 82.30 \% & 90.65 \% & 77.26 \% & 0.03 s / 1 core \\
PVT-SSD \cite{yang2023pvtssd} & 82.29 \% & 90.65 \% & 76.85 \% & 0.05 s / 1 core \\
Focals Conv \cite{focalsconvchen} & 82.28 \% & 90.55 \% & 77.59 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
CLOCs \cite{pang2020CLOCs} & 82.28 \% & 89.16 \% & 77.23 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
GraphAlign(ICCV2023) \cite{song2023graphalign} & 82.23 \% & 90.90 \% & 79.67 \% & 0.03 s / GPU \\
SASA \cite{chen2022sasa} & 82.16 \% & 88.76 \% & 77.16 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
PG-RCNN \cite{koo2023pgrcnn} & 82.13 \% & 89.38 \% & 77.33 \% & 0.06 s / GPU \\
SPG \cite{xu2021spg} & 82.13 \% & 90.50 \% & 78.90 \% & 0.09 s / 1 core \\
VoTr-TSD \cite{mao2021votr} & 82.09 \% & 89.90 \% & 79.14 \% & 0.07 s / 1 core \\
Pyramid R-CNN \cite{mao2021pyramid} & 82.08 \% & 88.39 \% & 77.49 \% & 0.07 s / 1 core \\
VoxSeT \cite{voxset} & 82.06 \% & 88.53 \% & 77.46 \% & 33 ms / 1 core \\
EQ-PVRCNN \cite{Yang2022eqparadigm} & 82.01 \% & 90.13 \% & 77.53 \% & 0.2 s / GPU \\
EPNet++ \cite{9983516} & 81.96 \% & 91.37 \% & 76.71 \% & 0.1 s / GPU \\
USVLab BSAODet \cite{10052705} & 81.95 \% & 88.66 \% & 77.40 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
HMFI \cite{li2022homogeneous} & 81.93 \% & 88.90 \% & 77.30 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
PDV \cite{PDV} & 81.86 \% & 90.43 \% & 77.36 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
CityBrainLab-CT3D \cite{sheng2021ct3d} & 81.77 \% & 87.83 \% & 77.16 \% & 0.07 s / 1 core \\
M3DeTR \cite{guan2021m3detr} & 81.73 \% & 90.28 \% & 76.96 \% & n/a s / GPU \\
SIENet \cite{li2021sienet} & 81.71 \% & 88.22 \% & 77.22 \% & 0.08 s / 1 core \\
Voxel R-CNN \cite{deng2020voxelrcnn} & 81.62 \% & 90.90 \% & 77.06 \% & 0.04 s / GPU \\
BADet \cite{qian2022BADet} & 81.61 \% & 89.28 \% & 76.58 \% & 0.14 s / 1 core \\
FromVoxelToPoint \cite{FromVoxelToPoint} & 81.58 \% & 88.53 \% & 77.37 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
H^23D R-CNN \cite{deng2021multi} & 81.55 \% & 90.43 \% & 77.22 \% & 0.03 s / 1 core \\
FARP-Net \cite{10123008} & 81.53 \% & 88.36 \% & 78.98 \% & 0.06 s / GPU \\
spark-part2 \cite{ERROR: Wrong syntax in BIBTEX file.} & 81.49 \% & 89.82 \% & 76.76 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
DSA-PV-RCNN \cite{bhattacharyya2021sadet3d} & 81.46 \% & 88.25 \% & 76.96 \% & 0.08 s / 1 core \\
P2V-RCNN \cite{P2VRCNN} & 81.45 \% & 88.34 \% & 77.20 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
MMLab PV-RCNN \cite{shi2020pv} & 81.43 \% & 90.25 \% & 76.82 \% & 0.08 s / 1 core \\
XView \cite{xie2021xview} & 81.35 \% & 89.21 \% & 76.87 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
RangeRCNN \cite{liang2020rangercnn} & 81.33 \% & 88.47 \% & 77.09 \% & 0.06 s / GPU \\
CAT-Det \cite{zhang2022cat} & 81.32 \% & 89.87 \% & 76.68 \% & 0.3 s / GPU \\
PASS-PV-RCNN-Plus \cite{context} & 81.28 \% & 87.65 \% & 76.79 \% & 1 s / 1 core \\
VPFNet \cite{wang2021vpfnet} & 80.97 \% & 88.51 \% & 76.74 \% & 0.2 s / 1 core \\
Sem-Aug \cite{9830844} & 80.77 \% & 89.41 \% & 75.90 \% & 0.1 s / GPU \\
StructuralIF \cite{sif3d2d} & 80.69 \% & 87.15 \% & 76.26 \% & 0.02 s / 8 cores \\
CLOCs\_PVCas \cite{pang2020CLOCs} & 80.67 \% & 88.94 \% & 77.15 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
SVGA-Net \cite{he2022svga} & 80.47 \% & 87.33 \% & 75.91 \% & 0.03s / 1 core \\
KPTr \cite{ERROR: Wrong syntax in BIBTEX file.} & 80.40 \% & 88.52 \% & 75.28 \% & 0.07 s / 1 core \\
SRDL \cite{ERROR: Wrong syntax in BIBTEX file.} & 80.38 \% & 87.73 \% & 76.27 \% & 0.05 s / 1 core \\
Fast-CLOCs \cite{Pang2022WACV} & 80.35 \% & 89.10 \% & 76.99 \% & 0.1 s / GPU \\
SPANet \cite{ye2021spanet} & 80.34 \% & 91.05 \% & 74.89 \% & 0.06 s / 1 core \\
IA-SSD (single) \cite{zhang2022not} & 80.32 \% & 88.87 \% & 75.10 \% & 0.013 s / 1 core \\
CIA-SSD \cite{zheng2020ciassd} & 80.28 \% & 89.59 \% & 72.87 \% & 0.03 s / 1 core \\
IA-SSD (multi) \cite{zhang2022not} & 80.13 \% & 88.34 \% & 75.04 \% & 0.014 s / 1 core \\
EBM3DOD \cite{gustafsson2020accurate} & 80.12 \% & 91.05 \% & 72.78 \% & 0.12 s / 1 core \\
3D-CVF at SPA \cite{3DCVF} & 80.05 \% & 89.20 \% & 73.11 \% & 0.06 s / 1 core \\
SIF \cite{sif3d2d} & 79.88 \% & 86.84 \% & 75.89 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
spark\_second\_focal\_w \cite{ERROR: Wrong syntax in BIBTEX file.} & 79.81 \% & 86.41 \% & 75.03 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
RangeIoUDet \cite{liang2021rangeioudet} & 79.80 \% & 88.60 \% & 76.76 \% & 0.02 s / GPU \\
SA-SSD \cite{he2020sassd} & 79.79 \% & 88.75 \% & 74.16 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
STD \cite{std2019yang} & 79.71 \% & 87.95 \% & 75.09 \% & 0.08 s / GPU \\
MGAF-3DSSD \cite{AnchorfreeMGASSD} & 79.68 \% & 88.16 \% & 72.39 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
Struc info fusion II \cite{sif} & 79.59 \% & 88.97 \% & 72.51 \% & 0.05 s / GPU \\
3DSSD \cite{yang3DSSD20} & 79.57 \% & 88.36 \% & 74.55 \% & 0.04 s / GPU \\
EBM3DOD baseline \cite{gustafsson2020accurate} & 79.52 \% & 88.80 \% & 72.30 \% & 0.05 s / 1 core \\
Struc info fusion I \cite{sif} & 79.49 \% & 88.70 \% & 74.25 \% & 0.05 s / 1 core \\
Point-GNN \cite{shi2020pointgnn} & 79.47 \% & 88.33 \% & 72.29 \% & 0.6 s / GPU \\
DFAF3D \cite{tang2023dfaf3d} & 79.37 \% & 88.59 \% & 72.21 \% & 0.05 s / 1 core \\
SSL-PointGNN \cite{erccelik20223d} & 79.36 \% & 87.78 \% & 74.15 \% & 0.56 s / GPU \\
EPNet \cite{huang2020epnet} & 79.28 \% & 89.81 \% & 74.59 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
DVFENet \cite{HE2021} & 79.18 \% & 86.20 \% & 74.58 \% & 0.05 s / 1 core \\
Faraway-Frustum \cite{zhang2021faraway} & 79.05 \% & 87.45 \% & 76.14 \% & 0.1 s / GPU \\
GD-MAE \cite{yang2023gdmae} & 79.03 \% & 88.14 \% & 73.55 \% & 0.07 s / 1 core \\
3D IoU-Net \cite{Li20203DIoUNet} & 79.03 \% & 87.96 \% & 72.78 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
SERCNN \cite{zhou2020joint} & 78.96 \% & 87.74 \% & 74.30 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
ACDet \cite{acdet} & 78.85 \% & 88.47 \% & 73.86 \% & 0.05 s / 1 core \\
MVAF-Net \cite{wang2020multi} & 78.71 \% & 87.87 \% & 75.48 \% & 0.06 s / 1 core \\
MMLab-PartA^2 \cite{shi2020part} & 78.49 \% & 87.81 \% & 73.51 \% & 0.08 s / GPU \\
CLOCs\_SecCas \cite{pang2020CLOCs} & 78.45 \% & 86.38 \% & 72.45 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
Patches - EMP \cite{lehner2019patch} & 78.41 \% & 89.84 \% & 73.15 \% & 0.5 s / GPU \\
HotSpotNet \cite{chen2020object} & 78.31 \% & 87.60 \% & 73.34 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
Sem-Aug-PointRCNN++ \cite{9830844} & 78.06 \% & 86.69 \% & 73.85 \% & 0.1 s / 8 cores \\
CenterNet3D \cite{2007.07214} & 77.90 \% & 86.20 \% & 73.03 \% & 0.04 s / GPU \\
pointpillar\_spark\_fo \cite{ERROR: Wrong syntax in BIBTEX file.} & 77.66 \% & 85.99 \% & 72.51 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
UberATG-MMF \cite{Liang2019CVPR} & 77.43 \% & 88.40 \% & 70.22 \% & 0.08 s / GPU \\
Associate-3Ddet \cite{Du2020CVPR} & 77.40 \% & 85.99 \% & 70.53 \% & 0.05 s / 1 core \\
Fast Point R-CNN \cite{Chen2019fastpointrcnn} & 77.40 \% & 85.29 \% & 70.24 \% & 0.06 s / GPU \\
RangeDet (Official) \cite{Fan2021ICCV} & 77.36 \% & 85.41 \% & 72.60 \% & 0.02 s / 1 core \\
Patches \cite{lehner2019patch} & 77.20 \% & 88.67 \% & 71.82 \% & 0.15 s / GPU \\
HRI-VoxelFPN \cite{Kuang2020voxelFPN} & 76.70 \% & 85.64 \% & 69.44 \% & 0.02 s / GPU \\
SARPNET \cite{ye2019sarpnet} & 76.64 \% & 85.63 \% & 71.31 \% & 0.05 s / 1 core \\
3D IoU Loss \cite{zhou2019} & 76.50 \% & 86.16 \% & 71.39 \% & 0.08 s / GPU \\
F-ConvNet \cite{wang2019frustum} & 76.39 \% & 87.36 \% & 66.69 \% & 0.47 s / GPU \\
VSAC \cite{ERROR: Wrong syntax in BIBTEX file.} & 76.29 \% & 85.06 \% & 71.65 \% & 0.07 s / 1 core \\
LVFSD \cite{ERROR: Wrong syntax in BIBTEX file.} & 76.14 \% & 84.18 \% & 71.55 \% & 0.06 s / \\
SegVoxelNet \cite{yi2020SegVoxelNet} & 76.13 \% & 86.04 \% & 70.76 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
S-AT GCN \cite{DBLPjournalscorrabs210308439} & 76.04 \% & 83.20 \% & 71.17 \% & 0.02 s / GPU \\
TANet \cite{liu2019tanet} & 75.94 \% & 84.39 \% & 68.82 \% & 0.035s / GPU \\
PointRGCN \cite{Zarzar2019PointRGCNGC} & 75.73 \% & 85.97 \% & 70.60 \% & 0.26 s / GPU \\
MMLab-PointRCNN \cite{shi2019pointrcnn} & 75.64 \% & 86.96 \% & 70.70 \% & 0.1 s / GPU \\
AB3DMOT \cite{Weng2019} & 75.43 \% & 86.10 \% & 68.88 \% & 0.0047s / 1 core \\
R-GCN \cite{Zarzar2019PointRGCNGC} & 75.26 \% & 83.42 \% & 68.73 \% & 0.16 s / GPU \\
epBRM \cite{arxiv} & 75.15 \% & 85.00 \% & 69.84 \% & 0.1 s / GPU \\
MAFF-Net(DAF-Pillar) \cite{zhang2020maffnet} & 75.04 \% & 85.52 \% & 67.61 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
PASS-PointPillar \cite{context} & 74.85 \% & 84.72 \% & 69.05 \% & 1 s / 1 core \\
PI-RCNN \cite{xie2020pi} & 74.82 \% & 84.37 \% & 70.03 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
mmFUSION \cite{ahmad2023mmfusion} & 74.38 \% & 85.24 \% & 69.43 \% & 1s / 1 core \\
PointPillars \cite{lang2018pointpillars} & 74.31 \% & 82.58 \% & 68.99 \% & 16 ms / \\
ARPNET \cite{Ye2019} & 74.04 \% & 84.69 \% & 68.64 \% & 0.08 s / GPU \\
Harmonic PointPillar \cite{context} & 73.96 \% & 82.26 \% & 69.21 \% & 0.01 s / 1 core \\
PC-CNN-V2 \cite{8461232} & 73.79 \% & 85.57 \% & 65.65 \% & 0.5 s / GPU \\
C-GCN \cite{Zarzar2019PointRGCNGC} & 73.62 \% & 83.49 \% & 67.01 \% & 0.147 s / GPU \\
3DBN \cite{DBLPjournalscorrabs190108373} & 73.53 \% & 83.77 \% & 66.23 \% & 0.13s / \\
PointRGBNet \cite{Xie Desheng340} & 73.49 \% & 83.99 \% & 68.56 \% & 0.08 s / 4 cores \\
SCNet \cite{8813061} & 73.17 \% & 83.34 \% & 67.93 \% & 0.04 s / GPU \\
PFF3D \cite{9340187} & 72.93 \% & 81.11 \% & 67.24 \% & 0.05 s / GPU \\
DASS \cite{Unal2021WACV} & 72.31 \% & 81.85 \% & 65.99 \% & 0.09 s / 1 core \\
AVOD-FPN \cite{ku2018joint} & 71.76 \% & 83.07 \% & 65.73 \% & 0.1 s / \\
PointPainting \cite{vora2019pointpainting} & 71.70 \% & 82.11 \% & 67.08 \% & 0.4 s / GPU \\
WS3D \cite{meng2020eccv} & 70.59 \% & 80.99 \% & 64.23 \% & 0.1 s / GPU \\
F-PointNet \cite{qi2017frustum} & 69.79 \% & 82.19 \% & 60.59 \% & 0.17 s / GPU \\
EOTL \cite{yang2023efficient} & 69.13 \% & 79.97 \% & 58.57 \% & TBD s / 1 core \\
UberATG-ContFuse \cite{Liang2018ECCV} & 68.78 \% & 83.68 \% & 61.67 \% & 0.06 s / GPU \\
MLOD \cite{deng2019mlod} & 67.76 \% & 77.24 \% & 62.05 \% & 0.12 s / GPU \\
DSGN++ \cite{chen2022dsgn++} & 67.37 \% & 83.21 \% & 59.91 \% & 0.2 s / \\
DMF \cite{chen2022DMF} & 67.33 \% & 77.55 \% & 62.44 \% & 0.2 s / 1 core \\
AVOD \cite{ku2018joint} & 66.47 \% & 76.39 \% & 60.23 \% & 0.08 s / \\
StereoDistill \cite{liu2020tanet} & 66.39 \% & 81.66 \% & 57.39 \% & 0.4 s / 1 core \\
MMLAB LIGA-Stereo \cite{Guo2021ICCV} & 64.66 \% & 81.39 \% & 57.22 \% & 0.4 s / 1 core \\
BirdNet+ \cite{barrera2021birdnet+} & 64.04 \% & 76.15 \% & 59.79 \% & 0.11 s / \\
MV3D \cite{Chen2017CVPR} & 63.63 \% & 74.97 \% & 54.00 \% & 0.36 s / GPU \\
SNVC \cite{li2022stereo} & 61.34 \% & 78.54 \% & 54.23 \% & 1 s / GPU \\
RCD \cite{bewley2020range} & 60.56 \% & 70.54 \% & 55.58 \% & 0.1 s / GPU \\
A3DODWTDA \cite{erino397fregu856master2018} & 56.82 \% & 62.84 \% & 48.12 \% & 0.08 s / GPU \\
PL++ (SDN+GDC) \cite{you2020pseudolidar} & 54.88 \% & 68.38 \% & 49.16 \% & 0.6 s / GPU \\
MV3D (LIDAR) \cite{Chen2017CVPR} & 54.54 \% & 68.35 \% & 49.16 \% & 0.24 s / GPU \\
CDN \cite{garg2020wasserstein} & 54.22 \% & 74.52 \% & 46.36 \% & 0.6 s / GPU \\
CG-Stereo \cite{li2020confidence} & 53.58 \% & 74.39 \% & 46.50 \% & 0.57 s / \\
DSGN \cite{Chen2020dsgn} & 52.18 \% & 73.50 \% & 45.14 \% & 0.67 s / \\
BirdNet+ (legacy) \cite{9294293} & 51.85 \% & 70.14 \% & 50.03 \% & 0.1 s / \\
Complexer-YOLO \cite{Simon2019CVPRWorkshops} & 47.34 \% & 55.93 \% & 42.60 \% & 0.06 s / GPU \\
ESGN \cite{9869894} & 46.39 \% & 65.80 \% & 38.42 \% & 0.06 s / GPU \\
Disp R-CNN (velo) \cite{sun2020disprcnn} & 45.78 \% & 68.21 \% & 37.73 \% & 0.387 s / GPU \\
CDN-PL++ \cite{garg2020wasserstein} & 44.86 \% & 64.31 \% & 38.11 \% & 0.4 s / GPU \\
Disp R-CNN \cite{sun2020disprcnn} & 43.27 \% & 67.02 \% & 36.43 \% & 0.387 s / GPU \\
Pseudo-LiDAR++ \cite{you2020pseudolidar} & 42.43 \% & 61.11 \% & 36.99 \% & 0.4 s / GPU \\
YOLOStereo3D \cite{liu2021yolostereo3d} & 41.25 \% & 65.68 \% & 30.42 \% & 0.1 s / \\
RT3D-GMP \cite{konigshof2020learning} & 38.76 \% & 45.79 \% & 30.00 \% & 0.06 s / GPU \\
ZoomNet \cite{xu2020zoomnet} & 38.64 \% & 55.98 \% & 30.97 \% & 0.3 s / 1 core \\
OC Stereo \cite{pon2020object} & 37.60 \% & 55.15 \% & 30.25 \% & 0.35 s / 1 core \\
BKDStereo3D \cite{ERROR: Wrong syntax in BIBTEX file.} & 35.23 \% & 59.38 \% & 25.24 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
Pseudo-Lidar \cite{Wang2019CVPR} & 34.05 \% & 54.53 \% & 28.25 \% & 0.4 s / GPU \\
BKDStereo3D w/o KD \cite{ERROR: Wrong syntax in BIBTEX file.} & 32.08 \% & 56.72 \% & 23.74 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
Stereo CenterNet \cite{SHI2022219} & 31.30 \% & 49.94 \% & 25.62 \% & 0.04 s / GPU \\
Stereo R-CNN \cite{licvpr2019} & 30.23 \% & 47.58 \% & 23.72 \% & 0.3 s / GPU \\
BirdNet \cite{BirdNet2018} & 27.26 \% & 40.99 \% & 25.32 \% & 0.11 s / \\
CIE + DM3D \cite{ye2022consistency} & 25.02 \% & 35.96 \% & 21.47 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
RT3DStereo \cite{Koenigshof2019Objects} & 23.28 \% & 29.90 \% & 18.96 \% & 0.08 s / GPU \\
ps-SVDM+pre-trained \cite{shi2023svdm} & 23.07 \% & 39.40 \% & 19.52 \% & 1 s / 1 core \\
CIE \cite{ye2022consistency} & 20.95 \% & 31.55 \% & 17.83 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
MonoLTKD\_V3 \cite{ERROR: Wrong syntax in BIBTEX file.} & 19.42 \% & 27.91 \% & 16.51 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
MonoLSS \cite{monolss} & 19.15 \% & 26.11 \% & 16.94 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
RT3D \cite{8403277} & 19.14 \% & 23.74 \% & 18.86 \% & 0.09 s / GPU \\
NeurOCS \cite{Min2023CVPR} & 18.94 \% & 29.89 \% & 15.90 \% & 0.1 s / GPU \\
MonoLiG \cite{hekimoglu2023monocular} & 18.86 \% & 24.90 \% & 16.79 \% & 0.03 s / 1 core \\
CMKD \cite{YuHCMKDECCV2022} & 18.69 \% & 28.55 \% & 16.77 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
Mix-Teaching \cite{Yang2022MixTeachingAS} & 18.54 \% & 26.89 \% & 15.79 \% & 30 s / 1 core \\
StereoFENet \cite{monofenet} & 18.41 \% & 29.14 \% & 14.20 \% & 0.15 s / 1 core \\
LPCG-Monoflex \cite{peng2022lidar} & 17.80 \% & 25.56 \% & 15.38 \% & 0.03 s / 1 core \\
PS-fld \cite{Chen2022CVPR} & 17.74 \% & 23.74 \% & 15.14 \% & 0.25 s / 1 core \\
MonoDDE \cite{liu2020smoke} & 17.14 \% & 24.93 \% & 15.10 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
MonoNeRD \cite{xu2023mononerd} & 17.13 \% & 22.75 \% & 15.63 \% & na s / 1 core \\
OPA-3D \cite{su2023opa} & 17.05 \% & 24.60 \% & 14.25 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
Mobile Stereo R-CNN \cite{mobilestereorcnn2021} & 17.04 \% & 26.97 \% & 13.26 \% & 1.8 s / \\
DD3D \cite{dd3d} & 16.87 \% & 23.19 \% & 14.36 \% & n/a s / 1 core \\
ADD \cite{wu2022attention} & 16.81 \% & 25.61 \% & 13.79 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
MonoUNI \cite{MonoUNI} & 16.73 \% & 24.75 \% & 13.49 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
MonoCD \cite{yan2024monocd} & 16.59 \% & 25.53 \% & 14.53 \% & n/a s / 1 core \\
DID-M3D \cite{peng2022did} & 16.29 \% & 24.40 \% & 13.75 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
MonoDETR \cite{zhang2022monodetr} & 16.26 \% & 24.52 \% & 13.93 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
DCD \cite{li2022densely} & 15.90 \% & 23.81 \% & 13.21 \% & 0.03 s / 1 core \\
MonoDTR \cite{huang2022monodtr} & 15.39 \% & 21.99 \% & 12.73 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
GUPNet \cite{lu2021geometry} & 15.02 \% & 22.26 \% & 13.12 \% & NA s / 1 core \\
Cube R-CNN \cite{brazil2023omni3d} & 15.01 \% & 23.59 \% & 12.56 \% & 0.05 s / GPU \\
HomoLoss(monoflex) \cite{Gu2022CVPR} & 14.94 \% & 21.75 \% & 13.07 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
SGM3D \cite{zhou2021sgm3d} & 14.65 \% & 22.46 \% & 12.97 \% & 0.03 s / 1 core \\
MDSNet \cite{xie2022mds} & 14.46 \% & 24.30 \% & 11.12 \% & 0.05 s / 1 core \\
DEVIANT \cite{kumar2022deviant} & 14.46 \% & 21.88 \% & 11.89 \% & 0.04 s / \\
DLE \cite{ce21dle} & 14.33 \% & 24.23 \% & 10.30 \% & 0.06 s / \\
AutoShape \cite{liu2021autoshape} & 14.17 \% & 22.47 \% & 11.36 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
MonoFlex \cite{monoflex} & 13.89 \% & 19.94 \% & 12.07 \% & 0.03 s / GPU \\
MonoEF \cite{Zhou2021CVPR} & 13.87 \% & 21.29 \% & 11.71 \% & 0.03 s / 1 core \\
MonoRCNN++ \cite{MonoRCNNWACV23} & 13.72 \% & 20.08 \% & 11.34 \% & 0.07 s / GPU \\
DFR-Net \cite{dfr2021} & 13.63 \% & 19.40 \% & 10.35 \% & 0.18 s / \\
ps-SVDM \cite{shi2023svdm} & 13.49 \% & 20.83 \% & 11.18 \% & 1 s / 1 core \\
CaDDN \cite{CaDDN} & 13.41 \% & 19.17 \% & 11.46 \% & 0.63 s / GPU \\
PCT \cite{wang2021pct} & 13.37 \% & 21.00 \% & 11.31 \% & 0.045 s / 1 core \\
Ground-Aware \cite{9327478} & 13.25 \% & 21.65 \% & 9.91 \% & 0.05 s / 1 core \\
FMF-occlusion-net \cite{liu2022fine} & 13.12 \% & 20.28 \% & 9.56 \% & 0.16 s / 1 core \\
Aug3D-RPN \cite{he2021aug3drpn} & 12.99 \% & 17.82 \% & 9.78 \% & 0.08 s / 1 core \\
HomoLoss(imvoxelnet) \cite{Gu2022CVPR} & 12.99 \% & 20.10 \% & 10.50 \% & 0.20 s / 1 core \\
DDMP-3D \cite{ddmp3d} & 12.78 \% & 19.71 \% & 9.80 \% & 0.18 s / 1 core \\
Kinematic3D \cite{brazil2020kinematic} & 12.72 \% & 19.07 \% & 9.17 \% & 0.12 s / 1 core \\
MonoRCNN \cite{MonoRCNNICCV21} & 12.65 \% & 18.36 \% & 10.03 \% & 0.07 s / GPU \\
GrooMeD-NMS \cite{kumar2021groomed} & 12.32 \% & 18.10 \% & 9.65 \% & 0.12 s / 1 core \\
MonoRUn \cite{monorun} & 12.30 \% & 19.65 \% & 10.58 \% & 0.07 s / GPU \\
monodle \cite{MA2021CVPR} & 12.26 \% & 17.23 \% & 10.29 \% & 0.04 s / GPU \\
YoloMono3D \cite{liu2021yolostereo3d} & 12.06 \% & 18.28 \% & 8.42 \% & 0.05 s / GPU \\
IAFA \cite{zhou2020iafa} & 12.01 \% & 17.81 \% & 10.61 \% & 0.04 s / 1 core \\
MonOAPC \cite{yao2023occlusion} & 12.00 \% & 18.77 \% & 9.75 \% & 0035 s / 1 core \\
GAC3D \cite{gac3d2021} & 12.00 \% & 17.75 \% & 9.15 \% & 0.25 s / 1 core \\
CMAN \cite{CMAN2022} & 11.87 \% & 17.77 \% & 9.16 \% & 0.15 s / 1 core \\
PGD-FCOS3D \cite{PGD} & 11.76 \% & 19.05 \% & 9.39 \% & 0.03 s / 1 core \\
D4LCN \cite{ding2019learning} & 11.72 \% & 16.65 \% & 9.51 \% & 0.2 s / GPU \\
KM3D \cite{2009.00764} & 11.45 \% & 16.73 \% & 9.92 \% & 0.03 s / 1 core \\
RefinedMPL \cite{vianney2019refinedmpl} & 11.14 \% & 18.09 \% & 8.94 \% & 0.15 s / GPU \\
PatchNet \cite{Ma2020ECCV} & 11.12 \% & 15.68 \% & 10.17 \% & 0.4 s / 1 core \\
ImVoxelNet \cite{rukhovich2021imvoxelnet} & 10.97 \% & 17.15 \% & 9.15 \% & 0.2 s / GPU \\
AM3D \cite{ma2019accurate} & 10.74 \% & 16.50 \% & 9.52 \% & 0.4 s / GPU \\
RTM3D \cite{li2020rtm3d} & 10.34 \% & 14.41 \% & 8.77 \% & 0.05 s / GPU \\
MonoPair \cite{chen2020cvpr} & 9.99 \% & 13.04 \% & 8.65 \% & 0.06 s / GPU \\
Neighbor-Vote \cite{chu2021neighborvote} & 9.90 \% & 15.57 \% & 8.89 \% & 0.1 s / GPU \\
SMOKE \cite{liu2020smoke} & 9.76 \% & 14.03 \% & 7.84 \% & 0.03 s / GPU \\
M3D-RPN \cite{brazil2019m3drpn} & 9.71 \% & 14.76 \% & 7.42 \% & 0.16 s / GPU \\
QD-3DT \cite{Hu2021QD3DT} & 9.33 \% & 12.81 \% & 7.86 \% & 0.03 s / GPU \\
TopNet-HighRes \cite{8569433} & 9.28 \% & 12.67 \% & 7.95 \% & 101ms / \\
MonoCInIS \cite{heylen2021monocinis} & 7.94 \% & 15.82 \% & 6.68 \% & 0,13 s / GPU \\
Plane-Constraints \cite{yao2023vertex} & 7.88 \% & 11.29 \% & 6.48 \% & 0.05 s / 4 cores \\
SS3D \cite{DBLPjournalscorrabs190608070} & 7.68 \% & 10.78 \% & 6.51 \% & 48 ms / \\
MonoCInIS \cite{heylen2021monocinis} & 7.66 \% & 15.21 \% & 6.24 \% & 0,14 s / GPU \\
Mono3D\_PLiDAR \cite{Weng2019} & 7.50 \% & 10.76 \% & 6.10 \% & 0.1 s / \\
MonoPSR \cite{ku2019monopsr} & 7.25 \% & 10.76 \% & 5.85 \% & 0.2 s / GPU \\
Decoupled-3D \cite{cai2020monocular} & 7.02 \% & 11.08 \% & 5.63 \% & 0.08 s / GPU \\
VoxelJones \cite{motro2019vehicular} & 6.35 \% & 7.39 \% & 5.80 \% & .18 s / 1 core \\
MonoGRNet \cite{qin2019monogrnet} & 5.74 \% & 9.61 \% & 4.25 \% & 0.04s / \\
A3DODWTDA (image) \cite{erino397fregu856master2018} & 5.27 \% & 6.88 \% & 4.45 \% & 0.8 s / GPU \\
MonoFENet \cite{monofenet} & 5.14 \% & 8.35 \% & 4.10 \% & 0.15 s / 1 core \\
TLNet (Stereo) \cite{qin2019tlnet} & 4.37 \% & 7.64 \% & 3.74 \% & 0.1 s / 1 core \\
CSoR \cite{Plotkin2015} & 4.06 \% & 5.61 \% & 3.17 \% & 3.5 s / 4 cores \\
Shift R-CNN (mono) \cite{shiftrcnn} & 3.87 \% & 6.88 \% & 2.83 \% & 0.25 s / GPU \\
MVRA + I-FRCNN+ \cite{Choi2019ICCV} & 3.27 \% & 5.19 \% & 2.49 \% & 0.18 s / GPU \\
SparVox3D \cite{9558880} & 3.20 \% & 5.27 \% & 2.56 \% & 0.05 s / GPU \\
TopNet-UncEst \cite{wirges2019capturing} & 3.02 \% & 3.24 \% & 2.26 \% & 0.09 s / \\
GS3D \cite{li2019gs3d} & 2.90 \% & 4.47 \% & 2.47 \% & 2 s / 1 core \\
3D-GCK \cite{gahlert2020single} & 2.52 \% & 3.27 \% & 2.11 \% & 24 ms / \\
WeakM3D \cite{peng2022weakm3d} & 2.26 \% & 5.03 \% & 1.63 \% & 0.08 s / 1 core \\
ROI-10D \cite{manhardt2018roi10d} & 2.02 \% & 4.32 \% & 1.46 \% & 0.2 s / GPU \\
FQNet \cite{liu2019deep} & 1.51 \% & 2.77 \% & 1.01 \% & 0.5 s / 1 core \\
3D-SSMFCNN \cite{novakmaster2017} & 1.41 \% & 1.88 \% & 1.11 \% & 0.1 s / GPU \\
mBoW \cite{Behley2013IROS} & 0.00 \% & 0.00 \% & 0.00 \% & 10 s / 1 core
\end{tabular}